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Александр I

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This is an academic biography of one of the most complex Russian monarchs, Alexandr I (1777-1825), the eldest son of the unpopular Pavel I and the dearly cherished grandson of Catherine the Great. Alexander was implicated in the assassination of his father (1801). On ascension to the throne he started a program of reform that won him a reputation as one of the most enlightened European rulers. After the victory in the Napoleonic war of 1812 he broached a policy of petty and oppressive regimentation among the lower orders, implemented through the late Pavel`s trusted aid and the Tsar`s former teacher, minister Arakcheev. Toward the end of his life Alexander turned to mysticism and, according to a legend, feigned his death to disappear and live for many more years as an obscure hermit. Bibliographic references.